India, with its rich cultural legacy and centuries-old musical heritage, is home to some of the most diverse and profound musical traditions in the world. Whether you’re a budding vocalist or a curious parent wanting to introduce your child to music, understanding the types of Indian Music, along with the many Indian singing styles, is a beautiful starting point.
Why Indian Music Is a Treasure for Musicians
Indian music is more than just art—it’s a journey of the soul. It’s rooted in history, shaped by culture, and carried through generations with reverence. Whether it’s the mystical melodies of ragas or the rhythmic patterns of folk tunes, Indian music trains a musician in discipline, expression, and emotional depth. Learning the types of Indian classical music or even the regional singing styles lays the foundation for any aspiring vocalist. These forms sharpen vocal strength, enhance musical perception, and build a deep-rooted understanding of melody and rhythm.
For any student stepping into the world of singing, mastering these forms is like gaining access to a vast, cultural treasure chest of inspiration and technique.
Broad Classification of Indian Music
Indian music can broadly be divided into the following types:
1. Classical Music
The most structured and traditional form, Indian classical music is divided into two major styles:
- Hindustani Classical Music (North India)
- Carnatic Classical Music (South India)
These are the core types of Indian classical music, each with its unique grammar, ragas, and tala systems. While Hindustani music leans more towards improvisation, Carnatic music is more composition-based and intricate in rhythm.
Popular Indian Singing Styles and Genres
Let’s dive into the 14 most prominent Indian singing styles and genres that form the heart of India’s musical richness:
1. Hindustani Classical
A traditional style practiced mainly in North India. Notable sub-genres include:
- Khayal: Melodic and expressive.
- Dhrupad: Oldest surviving form, deeply spiritual.
- Tappa: Fast-paced with intricate ornamentations.
- Thumri: Romantic and devotional.
2. Carnatic Classical
Primarily from South India, it focuses on devotional compositions and showcases extreme precision in rhythm and melody.
3. Ghazal
A poetic form of music that involves intense emotional expression and lyrical beauty.
4. Bhajan
Devotional music that’s sung in praise of God, often performed in temples or at home.
5. Qawwali
A Sufi devotional music form filled with energy and emotion, typically performed in groups.
6. Rabindra Sangeet
Originating from Bengal and composed by Rabindranath Tagore, this style beautifully blends poetry and melody.
7. Folk Music
India’s diverse states contribute rich folk traditions such as:
- Bihu (Assam)
- Baul (Bengal)
- Lavani (Maharashtra)
- Garba (Gujarat)
Each has distinct rhythms, instruments, and themes rooted in local life.
8. Sufi Music
Centering around love, divinity, and mysticism, often sung in Punjabi, Urdu, or Persian.
9. Bollywood Music
A fusion of classical, folk, Western, and modern styles. It’s the most popular and dynamic form of music that constantly evolves.
10. Semi-Classical
Blends classical techniques with light music, including styles like Dadra, Kajri, and Chaiti.
11. Light Classical
Easier than pure classical forms and more accessible for early learners. Includes Ghazals and Bhajans with classical influence.
12. Devotional Music (Bhakti Sangeet)
Music that comes from faith and is sung in temples or during religious gatherings.
13. Contemporary Indian Fusion
Modern interpretations mixing Indian ragas with jazz, EDM, rock, and more.
14. Western Classical and Pop in India
While not native, Western music has found its space among Indian audiences and blends beautifully in Indian compositions.
Why Learning These Styles Matters
Each of these Indian music types and Indian singing styles trains the voice in a different way—whether it’s breath control, pitch accuracy, emotional delivery, or improvisation. Understanding and practicing these styles also helps students become more versatile and expressive artists. More importantly, it connects them with the roots of Indian culture and history, helping them appreciate the values and stories passed down over generations.
Parents who want to give their children the gift of music should consider beginning with the basics of these forms. Not only do they help in developing musical skills, but also in boosting confidence, discipline, and cultural awareness.
How Should One Start Their Musical Journey?
The ideal way to begin is through a guided curriculum under an experienced teacher who understands both technique and emotion. Start with a basic understanding of swaras (notes), rhythm, and a simple raga. Gradually, students can move to more advanced genres as their voice and confidence develop. Patience and regular practice are key!
Learn Indian Singing Styles with FSM
Furtados School of Music (FSM) offers structured vocal courses for students of all levels, with a focus on building strong foundations in Indian music. Whether your child is exploring Carnatic music, Hindustani vocal, or even modern Bollywood singing, FSM’s expert-led training combines tradition with modern teaching methods. Their beginner-to-advanced level modules ensure that every student grows at their own pace, with the right mentorship and guidance.
Conclusion:
India’s musical universe is vast, vibrant, and soul-stirring. By embracing these Indian music types and learning the many Indian singing styles, students don’t just become better singers—they become storytellers, cultural ambassadors, and lifelong learners. Start small, stay curious, and let the journey of music transform your world.